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Mechanical shelling of Grenadian nutmeg seeds: Theoretical and experimental approaches
Authors: C.K. Sankat
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Download file: https://library.csbe-scgab.ca/docs/journal/34/34_2_157_ocr.pdf
Published in: CBE Journal » CBE Journal Volume 34 (1992)
Download RAW file: https://library.csbe-scgab.ca/docs/journal/34/34_2_157_raw.pdf
DOI:
Description: Nutmeg seeds are round to ellipsoidal in shape and of variable minor diameter, normally ranging between 16 and 27 mm. Upon drying to 8% moisture content, the woody kernel shrinks within the thin, brittle shell and seeds are then cracked either man ually or mechanically to liberate the nutmeg kernel. The manual method is slow and tedious, while the mechanical, impact type devices currendy used produce high levels of kernel damage (14%) and leave many uncracked/partially cracked seeds (28%). The high levels of kernel damage may be attributed to multiple impacts be tween the kernel and the impacting surface. Alternative approaches to mechanical cracking which utilize a single cracking force were examined. From a semi-empirical model developed, a minimum of four pairs of fixed, counter-rotating cracking rolls each of 203 mm in diameter with sets or clearances of 15.2,17.4,20.2 and 23.4 mm can be used to crack nutmeg seeds previously graded into the diameter ranges of 16.0-18.1, 18.1-20.8, 20.8-24.1, and 24.1-27.9 mm. A centrifugal nutmeg seed cracker with a 0.60 m diameter rotor and a 1.39m diametercracker ring was also evaluated for cracking seeds of variable size. At the optimumrotor speed of 460 rpm the quantity of perfecdy shelled kernels averaged 49.2% while that of damaged kernels was less than 1%. The quantity of partially cracked seeds averaged 21.8%, but can be reduced to 11.7%by a single recycling of seeds.
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Citation: C.K. Sankat 1992. MECHANICAL SHELLING OF GRENADIAN NUTMEG SEEDS: THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES. Canadian Agricultural Engineering 34(2):157-164.
Volume: 34
Issue: 1
Pages -
Contributor:
Date: 1992
Technical field:
Conference name:
Session name:
Other information:
Type: Text.Article
Format: PDF
Publication type:
Source:
Relation:
Coverage: Canada
Language 1: en
Language 2:
Rights: Canadian Society for Bioengineering
Notes:
Other files:
DOI:
Description: Nutmeg seeds are round to ellipsoidal in shape and of variable minor diameter, normally ranging between 16 and 27 mm. Upon drying to 8% moisture content, the woody kernel shrinks within the thin, brittle shell and seeds are then cracked either man ually or mechanically to liberate the nutmeg kernel. The manual method is slow and tedious, while the mechanical, impact type devices currendy used produce high levels of kernel damage (14%) and leave many uncracked/partially cracked seeds (28%). The high levels of kernel damage may be attributed to multiple impacts be tween the kernel and the impacting surface. Alternative approaches to mechanical cracking which utilize a single cracking force were examined. From a semi-empirical model developed, a minimum of four pairs of fixed, counter-rotating cracking rolls each of 203 mm in diameter with sets or clearances of 15.2,17.4,20.2 and 23.4 mm can be used to crack nutmeg seeds previously graded into the diameter ranges of 16.0-18.1, 18.1-20.8, 20.8-24.1, and 24.1-27.9 mm. A centrifugal nutmeg seed cracker with a 0.60 m diameter rotor and a 1.39m diametercracker ring was also evaluated for cracking seeds of variable size. At the optimumrotor speed of 460 rpm the quantity of perfecdy shelled kernels averaged 49.2% while that of damaged kernels was less than 1%. The quantity of partially cracked seeds averaged 21.8%, but can be reduced to 11.7%by a single recycling of seeds.
Keywords:
Résumé:
Mots-clés:
Citation: C.K. Sankat 1992. MECHANICAL SHELLING OF GRENADIAN NUTMEG SEEDS: THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES. Canadian Agricultural Engineering 34(2):157-164.
Volume: 34
Issue: 1
Pages -
Contributor:
Date: 1992
Technical field:
Conference name:
Session name:
Other information:
Type: Text.Article
Format: PDF
Publication type:
Source:
Relation:
Coverage: Canada
Language 1: en
Language 2:
Rights: Canadian Society for Bioengineering
Notes:
Other files:
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