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Description: With wafers and pellets, the harvesting, storing and feeding of alfalfa can be completely mechanized, an obvious advantage over most other forage harvesting systems (Buckingham 1961). Gustafson and DeBuhr (1965) allege that wafering and pelleting improves animal utilization of low quality forages. Perhaps equally important is the price stability for forages that wafers and pellets can provide by expanding the market area. The acceptance of wafers (Curley et al. 1973), as distinct from pellets, has not been as widespread as expected. The advantage of the larger particle size associated with wafers (Hironaka and Cheng 1974), has been more than offset by drawbacks associated with the process itself (Dobie 1973 Dobie and Carnegie 1973). Most wafering machines employ the extruding process, which has been used for many years in pelleting. Inherent in this process are high levels of friction encountered in extruding the forage through the die which is additional to the resistance encountered to compress the forage. In order to compress the forage and overcome the friction, extremely high pressures (Reece 1966) are required and therefore considerable energy. Equally significant is the requirement for equipment which can withstand such pressures. It is expensive to manufacture and maintain.

Keywords: friction in and energy required for extruding alfalfa
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Citation: Hann, S.A. and H.P. Harrison 1976. FRICTION IN AND ENERGY REQUIRED FOR EXTRUDING ALFALFA. Canadian Agricultural Engineering 18(1):21-25.
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Pages 21 - 25
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Date: 1976
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Coverage: Canada
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