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A Review of Biomass & Waste Biomass Fibers - Structures, Extraction Methods, and Surface Modifications
Authors: Md. Shadhin, Ying Chen, Wen Zhong, Danny Mann, Mashiur Rahman
Identifier: CSBE22206
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Published in: CSBE-SCGAB Technical Conferences » AGM Charlottetown 2022
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Description: Lignocellulosic fibers are increasingly investigated due to their renewable nature. However, biomass fibers (grown as main crops) and the waste-biomass fibers (derived from agricultural residues, e.g., crop stalks, leaves, roots, fruit peels) lack ‘cotton-like’ flexibility and ‘glass-like’ strength required to manufacture apparels and composites, respectively. This is due to the lack of optimization of the products (yarns and nonwoven mats) from biomass and waste-biomass fiber. This, together with the supply constraints restrict the use of these fibers. Unlike synthetic fibers, both biomass and waste-biomass fibers exhibit variability in mechanical properties due to their inherent structural variations and divergences in the processing conditions. Waste-biomass like cattail, canola, are lightweight fibers due to their hollow structure and exhibit higher specific properties than the biomass fibers like flax, hemp. However, the former is stiffer owing to their higher lignin content. Hence, these areas need to be studied critically: from crop variety to extraction and processing conditions. Higher quality fibers can be obtained in chemical retting; however, it can generate secondary waste streams, whereas mechanical extraction is faster and more feasible for commercial production and biological treatment is environment friendly but expensive. The removal of the non-cellulosic substances requires surface modification which corresponds to an enhancement in the properties of the processed fibers. This review aims at disclosing the macro and microstructures, structural variability and processing conditions, different methods of fiber extraction, and the techniques to modify the surface of biomass and waste-biomass fibers and presenting a detailed comparison between them in each section.
Keywords: biomass fibre, canola and cattail, structure, retting and extraction, surface modifications
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Date: 2022-07-24
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Conference name: CSBE/SCGAB 2022 Annual Conference, Charlottetow, PEI, 24-27 July 2022.
Session name: Waste Management3
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Type: Text.Abstract
Format:
Publication type: Presentation
Source:
Relation:
Coverage: Canada
Language 1: en
Language 2:
Rights: Canadian Society for Bioengineering
Notes:
Other files:
DOI:
Description: Lignocellulosic fibers are increasingly investigated due to their renewable nature. However, biomass fibers (grown as main crops) and the waste-biomass fibers (derived from agricultural residues, e.g., crop stalks, leaves, roots, fruit peels) lack ‘cotton-like’ flexibility and ‘glass-like’ strength required to manufacture apparels and composites, respectively. This is due to the lack of optimization of the products (yarns and nonwoven mats) from biomass and waste-biomass fiber. This, together with the supply constraints restrict the use of these fibers. Unlike synthetic fibers, both biomass and waste-biomass fibers exhibit variability in mechanical properties due to their inherent structural variations and divergences in the processing conditions. Waste-biomass like cattail, canola, are lightweight fibers due to their hollow structure and exhibit higher specific properties than the biomass fibers like flax, hemp. However, the former is stiffer owing to their higher lignin content. Hence, these areas need to be studied critically: from crop variety to extraction and processing conditions. Higher quality fibers can be obtained in chemical retting; however, it can generate secondary waste streams, whereas mechanical extraction is faster and more feasible for commercial production and biological treatment is environment friendly but expensive. The removal of the non-cellulosic substances requires surface modification which corresponds to an enhancement in the properties of the processed fibers. This review aims at disclosing the macro and microstructures, structural variability and processing conditions, different methods of fiber extraction, and the techniques to modify the surface of biomass and waste-biomass fibers and presenting a detailed comparison between them in each section.
Keywords: biomass fibre, canola and cattail, structure, retting and extraction, surface modifications
Résumé:
Mots-clés:
Citation:
Volume:
Issue:
Pages -
Contributor:
Date: 2022-07-24
Technical field:
Conference name: CSBE/SCGAB 2022 Annual Conference, Charlottetow, PEI, 24-27 July 2022.
Session name: Waste Management3
Other information:
Type: Text.Abstract
Format:
Publication type: Presentation
Source:
Relation:
Coverage: Canada
Language 1: en
Language 2:
Rights: Canadian Society for Bioengineering
Notes:
Other files:
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